Size:100ug. Other sizes are also available. Please contact us.
Research Areas:Cancer
Uniprot NO.:Q9UNG2
Uniprot Entry Name:TNF18_HUMAN
Gene Names:TNFSF18,AITRL,GITRL,TL6,UNQ149/PRO175
Species:Homo sapiens (Human)
Source:E.Coli
Expression Region:74-199aa
Sequence:ETAKEPCMAK FGPLPSKWQM ASSEPPCVNK VSDWKLEILQ NGLYLIYGQV APNANYNDVA PFEVRLYKNK DMIQTLTNKS KIQNVGGTYE LHVGDTIDLI FNSEHQVLKN NTYWGIILLA NPQFIS
Protein Description:Partial
Tag Info:Tag-Free
Mol. Weight:14.3 kDa
Biological_Activity:Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The biological activity as determined by stimulation of IL-8 production using human PBMC is in a concentration range of 0.1-10 ng/ml.
Purity:>98% as determined by SDS-PAGE and HPLC.
Endotoxin:Less than 1.0 EU/µg as determined by LAL method.
Form:Lyophilized powder
Buffer:Lyophilized from a 0.2 m filtered PBS, pH 7.4
Reconstitution:We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL.We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20?/-80?. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Customers could use it as reference.
Notes:Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4? for up to one week.
Alternative Name/ Alias:Activation-inducible TNF-related ligand, Glucocorticoid-induced TNF-related ligand, hGITRL
Relevance:Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF18/AITR/GITR. Regulates T-cell responses. Can function as costimulator and lower the threshold for T-cell activation and T-cell proliferation. Important for interactions between activated T-lymphocytes and endothelial cells. Mediates activation of NF-kappa-B. Triggers increased phosphorylation of STAT1 and up-regulates expression of VCAM1 and ICAM1 (PubMed:23892569). Promotes leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells (PubMed:23892569). Regulates migration of monocytes from the splenic reservoir to sites of inflammation (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q7TS55, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17449724, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18040044, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23892569}.
PubMed ID:16710414; 15489334; 14702039; 12975309; 10074428; 10037686; 17449724; 23892569; 18040044
Function:Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF18/AITR/GITR. Regulates T-cell responses. Can function as costimulator and lower the threshold for T-cell activation and T-cell proliferation. Important for interactions between activated T-lymphocytes and endothelial cells. Mediates activation of NF-kappa-B. Triggers increased phosphorylation of STAT1 and up-regulates expression of VCAM1 and ICAM1
Involvement in disease:
Subcellular Location:Cell membrane, Single-pass type II membrane protein
Protein Families:Tumor necrosis factor family
Tissue Specificity:Expressed at high levels in the small intestine, ovary, testis, kidney and endothelial cells.
Paythway:
HGNC Database Link:https://www.genenames.org/cgi-bin/gene_symbol_report?hgnc_id=HGNC:11932
UniGene Database Link:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/UniGene/clust.cgi?ORG=Hs&CID=248197
KEGG Database Link:https://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?hsa:8995
STRING Database Link:https://string-db.org/network/9606.ENSP00000385470
OMIM Database Link:https://www.omim.org/entry/603898603898603898